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室外花园是养老设施中促进老年人接触自然、维持身心健康的重要环境。高密度城市核心区的养老设施往往因用地资源紧张而缺乏地面花园，屋顶花园成为重要补充。然而现有研究多聚焦于地面花园，对屋顶环境的特殊性缺乏关注，导致实践中出现屋顶花园可达性低、热舒适性差等问题。通过对国内外12个典型养老设施屋顶花园的实地调研及对比分析，系统剖析屋顶花园的5类现状问题，梳理使用需求与活动场景，在室外花园普适性原则基础上，考虑屋顶特殊条件，从场地布局、功能配置和细节设计3个方面提出11个针对性设计策略，以期为我国高密度城市背景下养老设施屋顶花园的设计建设提供切实指导。
Abstract：As vital environments in long-term care facilities, outdoor gardens play a crucial role in promoting seniors' interaction with nature and maintaining their physical and mental well-being.Long-term care facilities in high-density urban cores often face severe land constraints, making rooftop gardens a crucial supplement to ground-level green spaces. However, existing research predominantly focuses on ground-level gardens, neglecting the unique spatial characteristics of rooftop environments, which has led to prevalent practical issues such as low accessibility and thermal discomfort in rooftop gardens. Through field investigations of 12 representative rooftop gardens in long-term care facilities from home and abroad, this study systematically identifies five common problems in current domestic rooftop garden designs and clarifies user needs and activity patterns of older adults. Based on universal principles of outdoor garden design and the specific conditions of the rooftop, eleven targeted design strategies are proposed across three dimensions: site layout,functional configuration, and detail design. These strategies aim to provide practical guidance for the design and construction of rooftop gardens in long-term care facilities within high-density urban contexts in China.
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1）调研时访谈30位自理或半失能老人，有34%被访老人表示不愿和认知症老人共享室外空间，另有21%愿意共享空间但希望分时利用，主要担心相互干扰、影响心情。
基本信息:
DOI：10.16414/j.wa.20260703.001
中图分类号:TU985.12
引用信息:
[1]陈瑜,杨卓航,许嘉 ,等.养老设施屋顶花园的适老化设计：对国内外12个项目实例的调查分析[J].世界建筑,2026,No.433(08):19-27.DOI:10.16414/j.wa.20260703.001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金,项目批准号：52408043; 浙江省自然科学基金,项目批准号：LQN25E080004
2025-10-17
2025
2026-02-27
2026-02-27
2026
1
2026-07-06
2026-07-06
2026-07-06