世界建筑

新疆南部民居在干热气候与生土资源约束下，发展出以“移室”为核心的空间调节系统。然而，既有研究聚焦静态空间形态描述与习俗模式归纳，尚未揭示该系统“如何生成”及“何以分异”的内在机制。基于19处传统聚落、396处民居的田野调查，综合采用类型学与文化地理学方法，系统解析“移室系统”的动态适配逻辑。研究表明：该系统物化为阿以旺类与棚架类两种半室外空间谱系，二者在单元生成上分别遵循“要素组合”与“灵活衍生”逻辑，在传播演化上呈现“由封闭至开敞”与“由核心至边缘”的路径，在地理格局上形成东西策略分野与区内形态梯度；其空间分异是气候驱动、结构约束与文化选择耦合作用的结果。本文实现了风土建筑研究从静态“空间客体”向动态“调节过程”的范式转换，提炼出弹性空间、被动式优先、基因传承等创造性转化路径，为当代建筑气候适应性设计提供了源自传统智慧的启示。

Vernacular dwellings in southern Xinjiang have developed a spatial regulation system centered on "room-shifting"(移室， yishi) in response to the arid climate and constraints of earthresources. However， existing studies have focused on static spatial morphological descriptions and generalizations of customary patterns， failing to reveal the generative mechanisms and the logics of differentiation underlying this system. Based on field surveys of 19 traditional settlements and 396 dwellings， this study employs typological analysis and cultural-geographic methods to systematically examine the dynamic adaptive logic of the "room-shifting system". The research reveals that the system materializes into two major semi-outdoor spatial spectra: the Ayiwang-type and the Shed-type. Their unit formation follows the logic of "element combination" and "flexible derivation"， respectively; their evolutionary dissemination exhibits trajectories "from enclosed to open" and "from core to periphery"; and their geographical distribution reveals an east-west strategic divergence and intra-regional morphological gradients. This spatial differentiation results from the coupling of climatic drivers， material-structural constraints， and cultural selection. This study achieves a paradigm shift in vernacular architecture research from static "spatial objects" to dynamic "regulatory processes，" refining creative transformation pathways—spatial flexibility， passive design prioritization， and genetic inheritance—and offering traditional wisdom for contemporary climate-responsive architectural design.